E. coli Infection and Food Safety

Most E. coli are harmless and actually are an important part of a healthy human intestinal tract. However, some E. coli are pathogenic, meaning they can cause illness, either diarrhea or illness outside of the intestinal tract. The types of E. coli that can cause diarrhea can be transmitted through contaminated water or food, or through contact with animals or people. These are often called pathotypes. E. coli can cause diarrhea, urinary tract infections, respiratory illness, bloodstream infections, and other illnesses. Other kinds of E. coli are used as markers for water contamination—so you might hear about E. coli being found in drinking water, which are not harmful, but indicate the water is contaminated. It does get a bit confusing—even to microbiologists. http://www.cdc.gov/features/ecoliinfection/